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Novel Quantum Materials as Laboratories for Fundamental Physics in Microgravity
Novel two-dimensional (2D), atomically flat materials, such as graphene and transition-metal dichalcogenides, exhibit unconventional Dirac electronic spectra, and we propose that their interactions with cold atoms in microgravity can be effectively quantum engineered, leading to a synergy between complex electronic and atomic collective quantum phases and phenomena. This could result in revolutionary technologies in the fields of energy harvesting, quantum information, atomic sensors, custom film coatings, and materials design. We explore this novel paradigm via four integrated research directions where the microgravity environment of the current and future Cold Atom Laboratory (CAL) missions on the International Space Station is essential for the elimination of competing interactions and exposing the nature of emergent quantum behavior. We aim to chart a groundbreaking new direction for the planned BECCAL (Bose-Einstein Condensate Cold Atom Laboratory) mission and well beyond, as envisaged by the NASA Fundamental Physics Program.
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